For The Records: Preliminary Assessment of Challenges Facing the CBN, By Olayemi Cardoso

FOR THE RECORDS

PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF CHALLENGES FACING THE CENTRAL BANK OF NIGERIA

By Olayemi Cardoso, Governor, Central Bank of Nigeria

In his inaugural address, the President conveyed the urgent need to “clean up” the CBN and its Monetary Policies. As a first step to this task, Mr. President’s appointment of a special investigator into the affairs of the CBN is currently underway. Further to the clean-up exercise, the President deemed it necessary to bring in new leadership to the helm of affairs at the Central Bank.

I shall outline the challenges facing the Central Bank, introduce high-level proposals to address reformation challenges and discuss the role of a refocused Central Bank in supporting the economic agenda of the President Tinubu Administration.

What are the current challenges facing the Central Bank of Nigeria?

In assessing challenges currently facing the Central Bank of Nigeria, preliminary questions are being raised on addressing these challenges.

These problem statements need in-depth review by the new Central Bank leadership team to determine what mechanisms are currently working, what can be tweaked or dispensed with and what new tools need to be introduced.

How a refocused CBN can support economic growth.

Size Matters

The economic policy proposals of the Administration identify a set of fiscal reforms and growth targets that will achieve $1.0 TN GDP within eight years.  In reviewing selected BRICS and MINT countries, with large populations and similar developmental characteristics as Nigeria, it is interesting to identify macro-economic indices that point to Nigeria’s economic trajectory, given the faithful implementation of the proposed economic reforms. In economies bigger than $1.0TN, these indicators include moderate inflation, sizable foreign reserves, and the capacity to quickly rebound from a cyclical economic downturn.

  Data sources: IMF, World Bank, OECD

Given this, a refocused CBN will better serve the country through monetary policy interventions and advisory roles that sustain implementation of the Administration’s fiscal proposals.

Advisory role of CBN

Much has been made of past CBN forays into development financing, such that the lines between monetary policy and fiscal intervention have blurred. In refocusing the CBN to its core mandate, there is a need to pull the CBN back from direct development finance interventions into more limited advisory roles that support economic growth. These advisory roles could include, for instance:

• Act as a catalyst in the propagation of specialised institutions and financial products that support emerging sectors of the economy.
• Facilitate new regulatory frameworks to unlock dormant capital in land and property holdings.
• Accelerate access to consumer credit and expand financial inclusion to the masses.
• De-risking instrumentation to increase private sector investment in housing, textiles and clothing, food supply chain, healthcare, and educational supplies. These verticals have huge demand patterns, with the potential for high local inputs and value retention, and can be the basis for rapid industrialisation.
• Exercise CBN’s convening power to bring key multilateral and international stakeholder participation in government and private sector initiatives. 

Conclusion

It must be emphasised that CBN does not have a magic wand that can be waved at the current economic challenges. The problems facing the bank are large and complex. However, with focused leadership and sustained reforms, it is expected that over time, the country will see gains open economic spaces, attract new investments, create employment, and give our hardworking and talented compatriots opportunity for a more prosperous future.